patrole_tempest_plugin/rbac_policy_parser.py

# Copyright 2017 AT&T Corporation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
#    a copy of the License at
#
#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
#    under the License.

import copy
import json
import os

from oslo_config import cfg
from oslo_log import log as logging
from oslo_policy import policy
import stevedore

from tempest.common import credentials_factory as credentials

from patrole_tempest_plugin import rbac_exceptions
from patrole_tempest_plugin.rbac_utils import RbacAuthority

CONF = cfg.CONF
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class RbacPolicyParser(RbacAuthority):
    """A class for parsing policy rules into lists of allowed roles.

    RBAC testing requires that each rule in a policy file be broken up into
    the roles that constitute it. This class automates that process.

    The list of roles per rule can be reverse-engineered by checking, for
    each role, whether a given rule is allowed using oslo policy.
    """

    def __init__(self, project_id, user_id, service, extra_target_data=None):
        """Initialization of Rbac Policy Parser.

        Parses a policy file to create a dictionary, mapping policy actions to
        roles. If a policy file does not exist, checks whether the policy file
        is registered as a namespace under oslo.policy.policies. Nova, for
        example, doesn't use a policy.json file by default; its policy is
        implemented in code and registered as 'nova' under
        oslo.policy.policies.

        If the policy file is not found in either place, raises an exception.

        Additionally, if the policy file exists in both code and as a
        policy.json (for example, by creating a custom nova policy.json file),
        the custom policy file over the default policy implementation is
        prioritized.

        :param uuid project_id: project_id of object performing API call
        :param uuid user_id: user_id of object performing API call
        :param string service: service of the policy file
        :param dict extra_target_data: dictionary containing additional object
            data needed by oslo.policy to validate generic checks
        """

        if extra_target_data is None:
            extra_target_data = {}

        self.validate_service(service)

        # Prioritize dynamically searching for policy files over relying on
        # deprecated service-specific policy file locations.
        if CONF.rbac.custom_policy_files:
            self.discover_policy_files()
            self.path = self.policy_files.get(service)
        else:
            self.path = getattr(CONF.rbac, '%s_policy_file' % str(service),
                                None)

        self.rules = policy.Rules.load(self._get_policy_data(service),
                                       'default')
        self.project_id = project_id
        self.user_id = user_id
        self.extra_target_data = extra_target_data

    @classmethod
    def validate_service(cls, service):
        """Validate whether the service passed to ``__init__`` exists."""
        service = service.lower().strip() if service else None

        # Cache the list of available services in memory to avoid needlessly
        # doing an API call every time.
        if not hasattr(cls, 'available_services'):
            admin_mgr = credentials.AdminManager()
            services = admin_mgr.identity_services_v3_client.\
                list_services()['services']
            cls.available_services = [s['name'] for s in services]

        if not service or service not in cls.available_services:
            LOG.debug("%s is NOT a valid service.", service)
            raise rbac_exceptions.RbacInvalidService(
                "%s is NOT a valid service." % service)

    @classmethod
    def discover_policy_files(cls):
        # Dynamically discover the policy file for each service in
        # ``cls.available_services``. Pick the first ``candidate_path`` found
        # out of the potential paths in ``CONF.rbac.custom_policy_files``.
        if not hasattr(cls, 'policy_files'):
            cls.policy_files = {}
            for service in cls.available_services:
                for candidate_path in CONF.rbac.custom_policy_files:
                    if os.path.isfile(candidate_path % service):
                        cls.policy_files.setdefault(service,
                                                    candidate_path % service)

    def allowed(self, rule_name, role):
        is_admin_context = self._is_admin_context(role)
        is_allowed = self._allowed(
            access=self._get_access_token(role),
            apply_rule=rule_name,
            is_admin=is_admin_context)
        return is_allowed

    def _get_policy_data(self, service):
        file_policy_data = {}
        mgr_policy_data = {}
        policy_data = {}

        # Check whether policy file exists and attempt to read it.
        if self.path and os.path.isfile(self.path):
            try:
                with open(self.path, 'r') as policy_file:
                    file_policy_data = policy_file.read()
                file_policy_data = json.loads(file_policy_data)
            except (IOError, ValueError) as e:
                msg = "Failed to read policy file for service. "
                if isinstance(e, IOError):
                    msg += "Please check that policy path exists."
                else:
                    msg += "JSON may be improperly formatted."
                LOG.debug(msg)
                file_policy_data = {}

        # Check whether policy actions are defined in code. Nova and Keystone,
        # for example, define their default policy actions in code.
        mgr = stevedore.named.NamedExtensionManager(
            'oslo.policy.policies',
            names=[service],
            on_load_failure_callback=None,
            invoke_on_load=True,
            warn_on_missing_entrypoint=False)

        if mgr:
            policy_generator = {policy.name: policy.obj for policy in mgr}
            if policy_generator and service in policy_generator:
                for rule in policy_generator[service]:
                    mgr_policy_data[rule.name] = str(rule.check)

        # If data from both file and code exist, combine both together.
        if file_policy_data and mgr_policy_data:
            # Add the policy actions from code first.
            for action, rule in mgr_policy_data.items():
                policy_data[action] = rule
            # Overwrite with any custom policy actions defined in policy.json.
            for action, rule in file_policy_data.items():
                policy_data[action] = rule
        elif file_policy_data:
            policy_data = file_policy_data
        elif mgr_policy_data:
            policy_data = mgr_policy_data
        else:
            error_message = (
                'Policy file for {0} service neither found in code nor at {1}.'
                .format(service, [loc % service for loc in
                                  CONF.rbac.custom_policy_files])
            )
            raise rbac_exceptions.RbacParsingException(error_message)

        try:
            policy_data = json.dumps(policy_data)
        except ValueError:
            error_message = 'Policy file for {0} service is invalid.'.format(
                service)
            raise rbac_exceptions.RbacParsingException(error_message)

        return policy_data

    def _is_admin_context(self, role):
        """Checks whether a role has admin context.

        If context_is_admin is contained in the policy file, then checks
        whether the given role is contained in context_is_admin. If it is not
        in the policy file, then default to context_is_admin: admin.
        """
        if 'context_is_admin' in self.rules.keys():
            return self._allowed(
                access=self._get_access_token(role),
                apply_rule='context_is_admin')
        return role == CONF.identity.admin_role

    def _get_access_token(self, role):
        access_token = {
            "token": {
                "roles": [
                    {
                        "name": role
                    }
                ],
                "project_id": self.project_id,
                "tenant_id": self.project_id,
                "user_id": self.user_id
            }
        }
        return access_token

    def _allowed(self, access, apply_rule, is_admin=False):
        """Checks if a given rule in a policy is allowed with given access.

        Adapted from oslo_policy.shell.

        :param access: type dict: dictionary from ``_get_access_token``
        :param apply_rule: type string: rule to be checked
        :param is_admin: type bool: whether admin context is used
        """
        access_data = copy.copy(access['token'])
        access_data['roles'] = [role['name'] for role in access_data['roles']]
        access_data['is_admin'] = is_admin
        # TODO(felipemonteiro): Dynamically calculate is_admin_project rather
        # than hard-coding it to True. is_admin_project cannot be determined
        # from the role, but rather from project and domain names. See
        # _populate_is_admin_project in keystone.token.providers.common
        # for more information.
        access_data['is_admin_project'] = True

        class Object(object):
            pass
        o = Object()
        o.rules = self.rules

        target = {"project_id": access_data['project_id'],
                  "tenant_id": access_data['project_id'],
                  "network:tenant_id": access_data['project_id'],
                  "user_id": access_data['user_id']}
        if self.extra_target_data:
            target.update(self.extra_target_data)

        result = self._try_rule(apply_rule, target, access_data, o)
        return result

    def _try_rule(self, apply_rule, target, access_data, o):
        if apply_rule not in self.rules:
            message = "Policy action: {0} not found in policy file: {1}."\
                      .format(apply_rule, self.path)
            LOG.debug(message)
            raise rbac_exceptions.RbacParsingException(message)
        else:
            rule = self.rules[apply_rule]
            return rule(target, access_data, o)