diff --git a/lib/rb/ext/memory_buffer.c b/lib/rb/ext/memory_buffer.c
index 624012d..3a9c101 100644
--- a/lib/rb/ext/memory_buffer.c
+++ b/lib/rb/ext/memory_buffer.c
@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@
     index = 0;
   }
 
+  if (RSTRING(data)->len < length) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eEOFError, "Not enough bytes remain in memory buffer");
+  }
+
   rb_ivar_set(self, index_ivar_id, INT2FIX(index));
   return data;
 }