diff --git a/etc/schemas/compute/admin/flavor_create.json b/etc/schemas/compute/admin/flavor_create.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a3e7b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/etc/schemas/compute/admin/flavor_create.json
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+    "name": "flavor-create",
+    "http-method": "POST",
+    "admin_client": true,
+    "url": "flavors",
+    "default_result_code": 400,
+    "json-schema": {
+        "type": "object",
+        "properties": {
+            "name": { "type": "string"},
+            "ram": { "type": "integer", "minimum": 1},
+            "vcpus": { "type": "integer", "minimum": 1},
+            "disk": { "type": "integer"},
+            "id": { "type": "integer"},
+            "swap": { "type": "integer"},
+            "rxtx_factor": { "type": "integer"},
+            "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": { "type": "integer"}
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tempest/api/compute/admin/test_flavors_negative.py b/tempest/api/compute/admin/test_flavors_negative.py
index 49d49ef..b882ff4 100644
--- a/tempest/api/compute/admin/test_flavors_negative.py
+++ b/tempest/api/compute/admin/test_flavors_negative.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #    under the License.
 
+import testscenarios
 import uuid
 
 from tempest.api.compute import base
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@
 from tempest import exceptions
 from tempest import test
 
+load_tests = testscenarios.load_tests_apply_scenarios
+
 
 class FlavorsAdminNegativeTestJSON(base.BaseV2ComputeAdminTest):
 
@@ -44,11 +47,6 @@
         cls.swap = 1024
         cls.rxtx = 2
 
-    def flavor_clean_up(self, flavor_id):
-        resp, body = self.client.delete_flavor(flavor_id)
-        self.assertEqual(resp.status, 202)
-        self.client.wait_for_resource_deletion(flavor_id)
-
     @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
     def test_get_flavor_details_for_deleted_flavor(self):
         # Delete a flavor and ensure it is not listed
@@ -85,13 +83,6 @@
         self.assertTrue(flag)
 
     @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_invalid_is_public_string(self):
-        # the 'is_public' parameter can be 'none/true/false' if it exists
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.list_flavors_with_detail,
-                          {'is_public': 'invalid'})
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
     def test_create_flavor_as_user(self):
         # only admin user can create a flavor
         flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
@@ -110,231 +101,16 @@
                           self.user_client.delete_flavor,
                           self.flavor_ref_alt)
 
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_using_invalid_ram(self):
-        # the 'ram' attribute must be positive integer
-        flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
 
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          flavor_name, -1, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk, new_flavor_id)
+class FlavorCreateNegativeTestJSON(base.BaseV2ComputeAdminTest,
+                                   test.NegativeAutoTest):
+    _interface = 'json'
+    _service = 'compute'
+    _schema_file = 'compute/admin/flavor_create.json'
+
+    scenarios = test.NegativeAutoTest.generate_scenario(_schema_file)
 
     @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_using_invalid_vcpus(self):
-        # the 'vcpu' attribute must be positive integer
-        flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          flavor_name, self.ram, -1,
-                          self.disk, new_flavor_id)
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_name_length_less_than_1(self):
-        # ensure name length >= 1
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          '',
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_name_length_exceeds_255(self):
-        # ensure name do not exceed 255 characters
-        new_flavor_name = 'a' * 256
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_name(self):
-        # the regex of flavor_name is '^[\w\.\- ]*$'
-        invalid_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name('invalid-!@#$%-')
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          invalid_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_flavor_id(self):
-        # the regex of flavor_id is '^[\w\.\- ]*$', and it cannot contain
-        # leading and/or trailing whitespace
-        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        invalid_flavor_id = '!@#$%'
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          invalid_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_id_length_exceeds_255(self):
-        # the length of flavor_id should not exceed 255 characters
-        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        invalid_flavor_id = 'a' * 256
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          invalid_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_root_gb(self):
-        # root_gb attribute should be non-negative ( >= 0) integer
-        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          -1,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_ephemeral_gb(self):
-        # ephemeral_gb attribute should be non-negative ( >= 0) integer
-        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=-1,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_swap(self):
-        # swap attribute should be non-negative ( >= 0) integer
-        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=-1,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_rxtx_factor(self):
-        # rxtx_factor attribute should be a positive float
-        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=-1.5,
-                          is_public='False')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_is_public(self):
-        # is_public attribute should be boolean
-        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          new_flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
-                          is_public='Invalid')
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_create_flavor_already_exists(self):
-        flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
-        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        resp, flavor = self.client.create_flavor(flavor_name,
-                                                 self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                                                 self.disk,
-                                                 new_flavor_id,
-                                                 ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                                                 swap=self.swap,
-                                                 rxtx=self.rxtx)
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.addCleanup(self.flavor_clean_up, flavor['id'])
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.Conflict,
-                          self.client.create_flavor,
-                          flavor_name,
-                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
-                          self.disk,
-                          new_flavor_id,
-                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
-                          swap=self.swap,
-                          rxtx=self.rxtx)
-
-    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
-    def test_delete_nonexistent_flavor(self):
-        nonexistent_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-
-        self.assertRaises(exceptions.NotFound,
-                          self.client.delete_flavor,
-                          nonexistent_flavor_id)
-
-
-class FlavorsAdminNegativeTestXML(FlavorsAdminNegativeTestJSON):
-    _interface = 'xml'
+    def test_create_flavor(self):
+        # flavor details are not returned for non-existent flavors
+        self.execute(self._schema_file)
diff --git a/tempest/api/compute/admin/test_flavors_negative_xml.py b/tempest/api/compute/admin/test_flavors_negative_xml.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a06b0e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tempest/api/compute/admin/test_flavors_negative_xml.py
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+# Copyright 2012 OpenStack Foundation
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+#    a copy of the License at
+#
+#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+#    under the License.
+
+import uuid
+
+from tempest.api.compute.admin import test_flavors_negative
+from tempest.common.utils import data_utils
+from tempest import exceptions
+from tempest import test
+
+
+class FlavorsAdminNegativeTestXML(test_flavors_negative.
+                                  FlavorsAdminNegativeTestJSON):
+
+    """
+    Tests Flavors API Create and Delete that require admin privileges
+    """
+
+    _interface = 'xml'
+
+    def flavor_clean_up(self, flavor_id):
+        resp, body = self.client.delete_flavor(flavor_id)
+        self.assertEqual(resp.status, 202)
+        self.client.wait_for_resource_deletion(flavor_id)
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_invalid_is_public_string(self):
+        # the 'is_public' parameter can be 'none/true/false' if it exists
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.list_flavors_with_detail,
+                          {'is_public': 'invalid'})
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_using_invalid_ram(self):
+        # the 'ram' attribute must be positive integer
+        flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          flavor_name, -1, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk, new_flavor_id)
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_using_invalid_vcpus(self):
+        # the 'vcpu' attribute must be positive integer
+        flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          flavor_name, self.ram, -1,
+                          self.disk, new_flavor_id)
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_name_length_less_than_1(self):
+        # ensure name length >= 1
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          '',
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_name_length_exceeds_255(self):
+        # ensure name do not exceed 255 characters
+        new_flavor_name = 'a' * 256
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_name(self):
+        # the regex of flavor_name is '^[\w\.\- ]*$'
+        invalid_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name('invalid-!@#$%-')
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          invalid_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_flavor_id(self):
+        # the regex of flavor_id is '^[\w\.\- ]*$', and it cannot contain
+        # leading and/or trailing whitespace
+        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        invalid_flavor_id = '!@#$%'
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          invalid_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_id_length_exceeds_255(self):
+        # the length of flavor_id should not exceed 255 characters
+        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        invalid_flavor_id = 'a' * 256
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          invalid_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_root_gb(self):
+        # root_gb attribute should be non-negative ( >= 0) integer
+        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          -1,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_ephemeral_gb(self):
+        # ephemeral_gb attribute should be non-negative ( >= 0) integer
+        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=-1,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_swap(self):
+        # swap attribute should be non-negative ( >= 0) integer
+        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=-1,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_rxtx_factor(self):
+        # rxtx_factor attribute should be a positive float
+        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=-1.5,
+                          is_public='False')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_with_invalid_is_public(self):
+        # is_public attribute should be boolean
+        new_flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.BadRequest,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          new_flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx,
+                          is_public='Invalid')
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_create_flavor_already_exists(self):
+        flavor_name = data_utils.rand_name(self.flavor_name_prefix)
+        new_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        resp, flavor = self.client.create_flavor(flavor_name,
+                                                 self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                                                 self.disk,
+                                                 new_flavor_id,
+                                                 ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                                                 swap=self.swap,
+                                                 rxtx=self.rxtx)
+        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
+        self.addCleanup(self.flavor_clean_up, flavor['id'])
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.Conflict,
+                          self.client.create_flavor,
+                          flavor_name,
+                          self.ram, self.vcpus,
+                          self.disk,
+                          new_flavor_id,
+                          ephemeral=self.ephemeral,
+                          swap=self.swap,
+                          rxtx=self.rxtx)
+
+    @test.attr(type=['negative', 'gate'])
+    def test_delete_nonexistent_flavor(self):
+        nonexistent_flavor_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        self.assertRaises(exceptions.NotFound,
+                          self.client.delete_flavor,
+                          nonexistent_flavor_id)
diff --git a/tempest/common/generator/base_generator.py b/tempest/common/generator/base_generator.py
index 35f8158..7e7a2d6 100644
--- a/tempest/common/generator/base_generator.py
+++ b/tempest/common/generator/base_generator.py
@@ -59,7 +59,9 @@
                 "enum": ["GET", "PUT", "HEAD",
                          "POST", "PATCH", "DELETE", 'COPY']
             },
+            "admin_client": {"type": "boolean"},
             "url": {"type": "string"},
+            "default_result_code": {"type": "integer"},
             "json-schema": jsonschema._utils.load_schema("draft4"),
             "resources": {
                 "type": "array",
diff --git a/tempest/test.py b/tempest/test.py
index 2125047..20581ab 100644
--- a/tempest/test.py
+++ b/tempest/test.py
@@ -363,6 +363,9 @@
         super(NegativeAutoTest, cls).setUpClass()
         os = cls.get_client_manager()
         cls.client = os.negative_client
+        os_admin = clients.AdminManager(interface=cls._interface,
+                                        service=cls._service)
+        cls.admin_client = os_admin.negative_client
 
     @staticmethod
     def load_schema(file):
@@ -418,10 +421,13 @@
                                              "expected_result": expected_result
                                              }))
         if schema is not None:
-            for invalid in generator.generate(schema):
-                scenario_list.append((invalid[0],
-                                      {"schema": invalid[1],
-                                       "expected_result": invalid[2]}))
+            for name, schema, expected_result in generator.generate(schema):
+                if (expected_result is None and
+                    "default_result_code" in description):
+                    expected_result = description["default_result_code"]
+                scenario_list.append((name,
+                                      {"schema": schema,
+                                       "expected_result": expected_result}))
         LOG.debug(scenario_list)
         return scenario_list
 
@@ -470,8 +476,12 @@
         elif hasattr(self, "schema"):
             new_url, body = self._http_arguments(self.schema, url, method)
 
-        resp, resp_body = self.client.send_request(method, new_url,
-                                                   resources, body=body)
+        if "admin_client" in description and description["admin_client"]:
+            client = self.admin_client
+        else:
+            client = self.client
+        resp, resp_body = client.send_request(method, new_url,
+                                              resources, body=body)
         self._check_negative_response(resp.status, resp_body)
 
     def _http_arguments(self, json_dict, url, method):