There should be no fundamental differences of setup between contributors and normal end-users. The only thing to bear in mind is that you will need to add a few extra environment variables for acceptance tests - this is documented in our acceptance tests readme.
When working on a new or existing feature, testing will be the backbone of your work since it helps uncover and prevent regressions in the codebase. There are two types of test we use in gophercloud: unit tests and acceptance tests, which are both described below.
Unit tests are the fine-grained tests that establish and ensure the behaviour of individual units of functionality. We usually test on an operation-by-operation basis (an operation typically being an API action) with the use of mocking to set up explicit expectations. Each operation will set up its HTTP response expectation, and then test how the system responds when fed this controlled, pre-determined input.
To make life easier, we've introduced a bunch of test helpers to simplify the process of testing expectations with assertions:
import (
"testing"
"github.com/rackspace/gophercloud/testhelper"
)
func TestSomething(t *testing.T) {
testhelper.AssertEquals(t, "expected", "actual")
}
func TestErrors(t *testing.T) {
result, err := Operation()
testhelper.AssertEquals(t, "foo", result.Bar)
testhelper.AssertNoErr(t, err)
}
AssertEquals and AssertNoErr will throw a fatal error if a value does not match an expected value or if an error has been declared, respectively. You can also use CheckEquals and CheckNoErr for the same purpose; the only difference being that t.Errorf is raised rather than t.Fatalf.
Here is a truncated example of mocked HTTP responses:
import (
"testing"
th "github.com/rackspace/gophercloud/testhelper"
fake "github.com/rackspace/gophercloud/testhelper/client"
)
func TestGet(t *testing.T) {
th.SetupHTTP()
defer th.TeardownHTTP()
th.Mux.HandleFunc("/networks/d32019d3-bc6e-4319-9c1d-6722fc136a22", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
// Test we're using the correct HTTP method
th.TestMethod(t, r, "GET")
// Test we're setting the auth token
th.TestHeader(t, r, "X-Auth-Token", fake.TokenID)
// Set the appropriate headers for our mocked response
w.Header().Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
// Set the HTTP body
fmt.Fprintf(w, `
{
"network": {
"status": "ACTIVE",
"name": "private-network",
"admin_state_up": true,
"tenant_id": "4fd44f30292945e481c7b8a0c8908869",
"shared": true,
"id": "d32019d3-bc6e-4319-9c1d-6722fc136a22"
}
}
`)
})
// Call our API operation
network, err := Get(fake.ServiceClient(), "d32019d3-bc6e-4319-9c1d-6722fc136a22").Extract()
// Assert no errors and equality
th.AssertNoErr(t, err)
th.AssertEquals(t, n.Status, "ACTIVE")
}
As we've already mentioned, unit tests have a very narrow and confined focus - they test small units of behaviour. Acceptance tests on the other hand have a far larger scope: they are fully functional tests that test the entire API of a service in one fell swoop. They don't care about unit independence or mocking expectations, they instead do a full run-through and consequently test how the entire system integrates together. When an API satisfies expectations, it proves by default that the requirements for a contract have been met.
To run all tests:
go test ./...
To run all tests with verbose output:
go test -v ./...
To run tests that match certain build tags:
go test -tags "foo bar" ./...
To run tests for a particular sub-package:
cd ./path/to/package && go test .
We follow the standard formatting recommendations and language idioms set out in the Effective Go guide. It's definitely worth reading - but the relevant sections are formatting and names.
There are four main ways you can get involved in our open-source project, and each is described briefly below. Once you've made up your mind and decided on your fix, you will need to follow the same basic steps that all submissions are required to adhere to:
rackspace/gophercloud repositoryIf you want to start fixing open bugs, we'd really appreciate that! Bug fixing is central to any project. The best way to get started is by heading to our bug tracker and finding open bugs that you think nobody is working on. It might be useful to comment on the thread to see the current state of the issue and if anybody has made any breakthroughs on it so far.
We have three forms of documentation:
If you feel that a certain section could be improved - whether its to clarify ambiguity or a fix a grammatical mistake - please feel entitled to do so! We welcome doc pull requests with the same childlike enthusiasm as any other contribution!
If you would like to improve or optimize an existing feature, please be aware that we adhere to semantic versioning] - which means that we cannot introduce breaking changes to the API without a major version change (v1.x -> v2.x). Making that leap is a big step, so we encourage contributors to refactor rather than rewrite. Running tests will prevent regression and avoid the possibility of breaking somebody's current implementation.
If you've found something we've left out, definitely feel free to start work on introducing that feature. It's always useful to open an issue first to indicate your intent to a core contributor - this enables quick feedback and can help steer you in the right direction by avoiding known issues. It might also help you avoid losing time implementing something that might not ever work.
You must ensure that all of your work is well tested - both in terms of unit and acceptance tests. Untested code will not be merged because it introduces too much of a risk to end-users. Happy hacking!